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GENERAL INFORMATION FOR STUDENTS CONSIDERING MAJORING IN MATHEMATICS
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Links to mathematics departments.
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Why major in mathematics
MATH WILL ROCK YOUR WORLD. Stevem Baker in BusinessWeek (January 23, 2006) indicates that "A generation ago, quants turned finance upside down. Now they're mapping out ad campaigns and building new businesses from mountains of personal data."
http://math.colstate.edu/why_major_math.htm http://www.math.du.edu/why.html http://www.math.duke.edu/major/whyMajor.html http://www.csuohio.edu/math/links.htm http://www.math.wright.edu/MS/undergrad/why_major.htm
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SOME GENERAL INFORMATION FOR MATHEMATICS MAJORS FROM COLLEGEBOARD.COM |
Many people whose work relies on mathematics are not called mathematicians; they include statisticians, actuaries, economists, engineers, and physicists.
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It Helps to Be...
An abstract thinker who loves seeking answers as much as finding them. If you like logic, playing with numbers, and using computers, then mathematics might be the field for you.
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Related Careers
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WHAT DOES A MATHEMATICS MAJOR STUDY?
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Mathematics is one of the fundamental areas of human knowledge. It has held an established position among the humanities for over two thousand years, and in recent centuries it has played a vital role in the sciences. In spite of this long history, the body of mathematical knowledge is growing today faster than ever before, with old questions being answered and new ones asked at an unprecedented rate. Each mathematics major will study significant portions of the most important mathematics discovered in previous centuries, and also some of the more recent developments in the modern mathematical sciences. Wright State University (Dayton, Ohio) Department of Mathematics and Statistics
The study of mathematics and statistics emphasizes careful problem analysis, precision of thought and expression, and the mathematical skills needed for work in many other areas. Mathematicians and statisticians are interested both in the theory and the applications within their disciplines. Theoretical mathematicians discover new theorems and increase basic knowledge in "pure" fields like abstract algebra, analysis, or topology. Applied mathematicians and statisticians use tools growing out of calculus, computing, statistics, and operations research to solve problems in science, industry, government, and other areas. Mathematicians or statisticians may work in highly technical areas such as computer programming, or they may work in economics (as statistical analysts), in operations research, in insurance (as actuaries), or in any other field requiring sophisticated analytical skills. Some of these fields include sciences such as astronomy, chemistry, physics, engineering, biology, oceanography, meteorology, and ecology, or fields as diverse as linguistics, law, or business. Department of Mathematics, Miami University (Ohio)
Oftentimes in the semester after completing calculus, mathematics majors "face a transition between elementary and upper-division college mathematics, when the focus shifts from techniques to theory, from solving problems to writing proofs." It is crucial to be able to make this transition. Mathematical Association of America (MAA) |
| WHY STUDY OR MAJOR IN MATHEMATICS? |
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Dartmouth University gives an answer to the question WHY MAJOR IN MATHEMATICS. The University of Exeter (England) gives SIX (PERFECT) REASONS TO STUDY MATHEMATICS. Nationwide, on the average, approximately 7 freshman out of 1000 freshmen are mathematics majors. |
Mathematics is fun, challenging, and rewarding. It is logical yet creative. It is imporetant for applications yet enjoyable in its own right. As you learn more about mathematics, you will see that the logical structure of theorems, proofs, and classifications has a certain aesthetic appeal. And mathematics seeks ultimate and eternal truths. Once we know something is true, it can never be false. ... Mathematics can help you think clearly and critically about ideas you encounter. In fact, mathematics is in many ways a branch of philosophy. Plato required it of those who would study under him. Descartes used it as a foundation in his quest to know what is real and what we know is real. In the 20th century Godel's work sent shock waves through the philosophical community. Pepperdine University Math Department
Mathematics is a unique combination of Art and Science, where beauty and truth can be found side-by-side. Mathematics is one of the most challenging of academic subjects, yet also one of the most rewarding. The joy of conquering a difficult problem with nothing but your own mind and a pencil, the depth of understanding resulting from the construction of an airtight proof, are experiences hard to match in other disciplines. Yet, reality also plays a large role: much of mathematics has its roots in practical problems. Scientists speak of "the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics" in describing the world around us. Mathematics today continues to play a major role in the development of new technology and the solution of problems of social importance. Moreover, mathematics today continues to grow at an astonishing rate, with new mathematical discoveries being made far more rapidly than ever before in history. Wright State University (Dayton, Ohio) Department of Mathematics and Statistics
Finally, do not underestimate the value of the training in analytic thinking and uantitative reasoning that a major in mathematics provides. Mathematics majors go on to a wide variety of careers such as medicine, law, business and marketing, and they consistently say that the ways of thinking they learned in mathematics were tremendously helpful in their chosen careers. Plattsburgh SUNY |
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THE RELATION BETWEEN GETTING A DEGREE AND GETTING A JOB |
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It is a mistake to think of an undergraduate degree in a college of liberal arts and sciences as a matter of being trained for a specific job or profession. This is just as much true of the sciences as it is of the liberal arts. The main aim of a degree in the liberal arts or in the basic sciences is the acquisition of a certain body of knowledge and the acquisition of the skills needed to extend your knowledge on your own. Many people are apt to think of going to college or the university as a matter of job preparation. In some sense it is. College graduates earn substantially more over their lifetimes than people who have completed only a high school degree. But this is not because going to college prepares you for some specific high paying job. If that were its purpose, it would be much less valuable than it is. The benefits to your earning power are really incidental to the main purpose of a degree, which is to provide you with a broad education in central disciplines of study in advanced learning (that's the general education part) and with a more specialized training in a particular area (that's the major part). The value of a university education lies in the prospect it opens up on the pleasures of the life of the mind, the breadth of vision it encourages, the knowledge it provides of the most important developments in our collective understanding of the world, and the sense of what is possible through sustained intellectual study of a particular subject. But it is not an accident, of course, that people with college degrees earn more over a lifetime than people without. The skills you learn in the serious study of any academic subject turn out to be quite generally applicable, and put you in a position to do things which someone who has not had that training is not in a position to do. These are primarily skills in identifying, analyzing and solving problems, skills in handling quantitative data, skills in written and verbal communication, and the ability to engage in the kind of disciplined and sustained intellectual application that is required of you for academic success. These skills turn out to be invaluable later on, and prepare one for a wide range of jobs and professions and careers. So ... while the main aim of a liberal arts degree is not to get you a job (it's more valuable than that), nonetheless, pursuing an academic degree seriously will give you a lot of skills which will make you a valuable employee, and moreover give you the skills that will be valuable not just in one or another specific job or enterprise, but for an almost open-ended number of careers. It is also important to keep in mind that while your degree will give you important general intellectual skills, it will certainly not give you all the skills you need for any specific job you undertake. In any job, entrepreneurial undertaking, or profession, you will have to undertake some further training and learn additional skills. This usually takes place on the job. This turns out to be true even for those majors in colleges which think of themselves as primarily professional, such as the Business college and the Engineering college. If you think about it, this is what you would expect. Unless you are entering a craft profession (and even then to some extent), you will find that in any challenging job you will have to be constantly learning new things and acquiring new skills as the kinds of tasks you have to complete and the challenges you face change. One reason why the skills you acquire now turn out to be so valuable is that they prepare you for what you will find is the almost constant need to learn more and to acquire new skills, or to apply old skills to novel problems and tasks. To put it most generally, then, an undergraduate degree provides you with quite generally applicable intellectual skills, and provides you with the ability to learn the particular skills you will need to know for your first job, and for whatever subsequent jobs or careers you may pursue. Career Handbook for Philosophy Majors |
WHAT CAN ONE DO WITH AN UNDERGRADUATE MAJOR IN MATHEMATICS?
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A bachelor's degree in mathematics, with the appropriate chosen electives, can qualify a person for a career as an actuary, as a computer scientist, or as a secondary school mathematics teacher. For those interested in a graduate or professional education, a bachelor's degree in mathematics, with the appropriate chosen electives, can qualify a person for graduate work in mathematics, applied mathematics, financial mathematics, computer science, economics, operations research, statistics, physics, or for professional school in business, law, or medicine.
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SOME CAREER BOOKS OF INTEREST TO UNDERGRADUATE MATHEMATICS MAJORS
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Actuaries' Survival Guide: How to Succeed in One of the Most Desirable Professions |
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Fred Szabo |
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2004 |
Careers for Number Crunchers & Other Quantitative Types, Second Edition |
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Rebecca Burnett |
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2002 |
| Great Jobs for Math Majors |
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Stephen Lambert Ruth DeCotis |
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1998 |
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101 Careers in Mathematics (Second Edition) |
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Andrew Sterrett. Editor |
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2002 |
She Does Math!: Real-Life Problems from Women on the Job |
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Marla Parker |
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1995 |
Women in Mathematics: The Addition of Difference (Race, Gender and Science) |
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Claudia Henrion |
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1997 |
HONOR SOCIETIES
LINKS FOR UNDERGRADUATE MATHEMATICS MAJORS
The AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY provides links for undergraduate mathematics majors. These links cover: GRADUATE SCHOOL IN MATHEMATICS SUMMER AND SEMESTER PROGRAMS LINKS TO REU PROGRAMS MATHEMATICS (GENERAL INTEREST) CLUBS, CONFERENCES, EVENTS, AND ON-LINE JOURNALS COMPETITIONS, PRIZES, HONORARY SOCIETIES CAREERS IN THE MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES JOBS AND INTERNSHIPS RESOURCES FOR UNDERGRADUATES IN MATHEMATICS.
The Mathematical Association of America provides INFORMATION FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
RUTGERS UNIVERSITY lists occupations related to a mathematics or statistics majors and the types of employers that hirers mathematics or statistics majors.
The UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT WILMINGTON lists for students in the mathematical sciences Related Career Titles, Related Major Skills, and Related Websites (Job Listings, Career Planning and Information, organizations and associations, miscellaneous resources, and internship sites).
Villanova University (Pennsylvania) considers the question: WHAT CAN ONE DO WITH A DEGREE IN MATHEMATICS.
Alvernia College (Reading, PA) lists some SKILLS AND VALUES of use to mathematics majors. |
SPECIALIZED INFORMATION ABOUT CAREER OPPORTUNITIES FOR A MATHEMATICS MAJOR WITH A BACCALAUREATE DEGREE
ACTUARY Actuaries assemble and analyze data to estimate the probability and likely cost of the occurrence of an event such as death, sickness, injury, disability, or loss of property. Actuaries also address financial questions, including those involving the level of pension contributions required to produce a certain retirement income level and the way in which a company should invest resources to maximize return on investments in light of potential risk. Using their broad knowledge of statistics, finance, and business, actuaries help design insurance policies, pension plans, and other financial strategies in a manner which will help ensure that the plans are maintained on a sound financial basis. OCCUPATIONAL OUTLOOK HANDBOOK 2004-2005: ACTUARY
Actuaries evaluate the financial impact of current economic, legal, and social trends on future events. The accurate and responsible matching of risk to price is the foundation upon which the financial integrity of the actuary's company or client rests. For these reasons, actuaries are known for their scientific approach and demanding standards. Because human events and their financial implications occur over long periods of time, an actuary is a researcher, a planner, and a decision maker. He or she is a specialist in the business world, and may be knowledgeable as well in a number of other disciplines, such as economics, law, health, and finance. Casuality Actuarial Society
The SOCIETY OF ACTUARIES is an educational, research and professional organization dedicated to serving the public and Society members. The Society's vision is for actuaries to be recognized as the leading professionals in the modeling and management of financial risk and contingent events. See their list of ACTUARIAL ORGANIZATIONS and ACTUARIAL STATE AND LOCAL CLUBS. The CASUALTY ACTUARIAL SOCIETY (CAS) is a professional organization whose purpose is the advancement of the body of knowledge of actuarial science applied to property, casualty, and similar risk exposures.
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COMPUTER SCIENTIST, ETC. A mathematics major with a strong computer background, preferably a double major, working for business, government, or industry could be an applications programmer, computer systems design, computer applications engineer, control systems engineer, data base manager, numerical analyst. OCCUPATIONAL OUTLOOK HANDBOOK 2004-2005: COMPUTER SCIENTISTS |
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. SECONDARY HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS TEACHER AT A PUBLIC OR PRIVATE SCHOOL
Excellent job opportunities are expected as a large number of teachers retire over the next 10 years, particularly at the secondary school level; opportunities will vary somewhat by geographic area and subject taught. Public school teachers must have at least a bachelor's degree, complete an approved teacher education program, and be licensed.
Many states offer alternative licensing programs to attract people into teaching, especially for hard-to-fill positions. OCCUPATIONAL OUTLOOK HANDBOOK 2004-2005: TEACHERS--SECONDARY
The NATIONAL COUNCIL OF TEACHERS OF MATHEMATICS (NCTM) "is a public voice of mathematics education, providing vision, leadership, and professional development to support teachers in ensuring mathematics learning of the highest quality for all students. Founded in 1920, NCTM is the world's largest mathematics education organization, with nearly 100,000 members and 250 Affiliates throughout the United States and Canada." NCTM has an excellent website which gives answers to the following three questions: WHY BE A MATH TEACHER? HOW TO BECOME A MATH TEACHER WHY CERTIFIED MATH TEACHERS ARE IN DEMAND NCTM's answer to How to Become a Math Teacher is quite detailed indicating the certification requirements state-by-state. Future secondary school mathematics teachers should consider NCTM STUDENT MEMBERSHIP. |

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